The hypothesis of here presented study is that, since ovarian cancer risk is associated with BRCA1/2 mutations [11], if low FMR1 alleles, indeed, are causally related to proliferative BRCA1/2 cancer risks, (i) women with ovarian cancers, overall, should demonstrate a higher prevalence of low FMR1 alleles than has been reported in cancer-free populations; and (ii) BRCA1/2-positive ovarian cancer patients should demonstrate more low FMR1 alleles than BRCA1/2-negative patients. This evidence concerns the gene BRCA1 and ovarian cancer.