A recent study reported that NGF eye drops reduced RGC loss in patients with advanced glaucoma, and indicated long-lasting improvements in visual field, optic nerve function, contrast sensitivity and visual acuity.40 However, several studies have failed to observe NGF-mediated RGC survival,41, 42 thus further studies are required before topical NGF can be considered for application in human glaucoma. The gene discussed is NGF; the disease is glaucoma.