ACOSOG Z9001 was a pivotal phase III, double-blind, randomized trial that enrolled 713 patients who underwent resection of primary KIT+ GIST (≥ 3 cm); patients were then randomized to treatment with imatinib 400 mg daily or placebo for 1 year (DeMatteo et al., 2009). The gene discussed is KIT; the disease is gastrointestinal stromal tumor.