The GFAP-IL6 mouse line as animal model of chronic neuroinflammation might be even useful for the investigation and therapeutic intervention relevant for other neuroinflammation related diseases, such as multiple sclerosis, lupus, bipolar disorder, Rasmussen's encephalitis, and traumatic brain injury, which are all associated with microglial activation and neurodegeneration. This evidence concerns the gene GFAP and systemic lupus erythematosus.