However, the present study found that the knockdown of OCT4 decreased the expression of AKT and suppressed the proliferation and invasion of pancreatic cancer cells with decreased expression of PCNA and MMP-2, while the expression of PCNA and MMP-2 is upregulated by AKT activation in pancreatic cancer cells (32). This evidence concerns the gene POU5F1 and familial pancreatic carcinoma.