PIAS4 and cancer: In conclusion, the present study identified twelve differentially-expressed genes (BAX, EP300, BMP4, FZD1, IGF1, PPARG, PIAS4, RAC3, RUNX1T1, TCEB2, TCF7L2 and FOS) that were found to participate in general cancer pathways, and six genes (BAX, APC, RAC3, FZD1, TCF7L2 and FOS) that were found to specifically participate in colorectal cancer pathways.