Many of the genes differentially regulated during monocyte-to-macrophage differentiation (downregulated genes include JAK2, STAT6, TLR8, and TLR2, and upregulated genes include VEGFB, TGFB1, FN1, IL-1R2, SCARB1, MSR1, and CD163) have been previously reported in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis [16,18,31,32]. This evidence concerns the gene TGFB1 and atherosclerosis.