SERPINA1 and coronary artery calcification: Specifically, we did not identify independent signals for SERPINA6 and SERPINA1 in conditional analysis, and the rare variant Leuven mutation was in linkage disequilibrium with the only rare variant we identified in SERPINA1. Recent studies have identified variants in SERPINA1 that are associated with coronary artery calcification [39] and serum lipid profile [40], the latter represented by rs1303 which is in linkage disequilibrium with the top hit rs12589136 identified by GWAMA (r2 = 0.35).