Despite the presence of a systemic inflammatory response and high levels of circulating cytokines, CD4+ T cells isolated from sepsis patients within 48 hours of sepsis onset demonstrated significantly reduced ability to produce the proinflammatory cytokine, IFN-γ, compared with healthy controls (74 (27 to 146) pg/ml versus 606 (169 to 1,169), P = 0.002). The gene discussed is CD4; the disease is Sepsis.