EGR1 and lung cancer: In lung cancer cell line A549, the upregulation of thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1), an anti-angiogenic and anti-invasion protein, upon cyclooxygenase (COX) inhibitors treatment is mediated by Egr-1 [16], and Egr-1 directly binds and downregulates stathmin expression which regulates the dynamics of microtubules [17].