High prevalence of α/β-thalassemia in the Hakka population of southern Jiangxi province (9.49%) was similar to the situation in Hakka population of Meizhou region in Guangdong province (11.24%, P = 0.224), was also similar to average level of Guangdong province (11.07%, P = 0.842) [7], [5], but lower than that of Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region (24.51%, P = 0.000) [6]. The gene discussed is PPIB; the disease is thalassemia.