oHSV-TRAIL downregulated extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase (ERK)-mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and upregulated c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38-MAPK signaling, and induced resistant GBM cells to undergo apoptosis via activation of caspase-8, -9, and -3 (Tamura et al., 2013). Here, TNFSF10 is linked to glioblastoma.