While the Δ32 deletion variant of C-C chemokine receptor type 5 (CCR5) [65] was protective against HAND in pre-cART populations [58, 64, 66], this association has not been replicated in individuals with HIV/AIDS diagnosed after 1991, possibly due to reduced impact on viral load in the cART era [32•, 54, 56]. This evidence concerns the gene CCR5 and AIDS.