Dissection of the cluster led to identification of one factor (Tin2) as responsible for induction of anthocyanin and nine factors (Tin1-1, Tin1-2, Tin1-3, Tin1-4, Tin1-5, Tin2, Tin3, Tin4, and Tin5) together responsible for tumor induction of U. maydis on leaves [17]. This evidence concerns the gene TNKS and neoplasm.