Infection of HeLa cells with the S. Typhi wild type or the T3SS-1-deficient viaB invA mutant did not result in a statistically significant increase in NF-κB activation and abrogation of RAC1 or RIP2 signaling did not further impact signaling (Fig. 4A, B, and C). The gene discussed is NFKB1; the disease is infection.