The limited epidemiologic data that has been stratified by subtype is mixed - one study reported that the relationship between serum 25(OH)D and reduced risk of breast cancer was strongest for high grade, ER negative or triple negative cancers (Yao and Ambrosone, 2013) whereas another found that low serum 25(OH)D was associated with poor prognosis only in women with the luminal subtype of breast cancer (Kim et al., 2011). This evidence concerns the gene ESR1 and breast carcinoma.