At present, possibly owing to the complex pathophysiology of CTEPH, the reported candidate molecular biomarkers for CTEPH, including asymmetric dimethylarginine [33], D-Dimer [34], heart-type fatty acid-binding protein [35] and brain natriuretic peptide [36] still were not sufficiently reliable for clinical application. This evidence concerns the gene FABP3 and chronic thromboembolic pulmonary hypertension.