After stratifying the ESRD patients according to different underlying causes for renal disease, an association was indicated for the AGT M235T genotype and glomerulonephritis (adjusted OR, 0.51; 95% CI, 0.31–0.85) but not for diabetic nephropathy, hypertensive nephropathy, systemic nephropathy, or nephropathy for unknown reasons. This evidence concerns the gene AGT and diabetic kidney disease.