On the basis of our data, it is therefore tempting to speculate that, in COPD, higher levels of PAR-1 gene expression above a certain threshold contributed, at least in part, by the rs2227744A allele might support an appropriate PAR-1-mediated inflammatory response that leads to early resolution of disease and resistance to COPD exacerbation. Here, F2R is linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.