This may in part explain the paradoxical role of the SNP in the context of COPD reported in the present article in that the function of the rs2227744 SNP (i.e., higher PAR-1 expression) only manifests itself during episodes of exacerbation since the advantageous proinflammatory response could aid the control of bacterial infection (a major cause of COPD exacerbation). The gene discussed is F2R; the disease is bacterial infectious disease.