All of these genes had greater median MAF in RNA than in DNA, including an oncogene, PIK3CA and tumor suppressors, such as TP53. The TP53 MAF distributions of lung and breast cancer had remarkable similarities (Figure 3D), in that nonsynonymous and splice site mutations had extremely high RNA MAF relative to DNA MAF, often 2-fold greater. This evidence concerns the gene PIK3CA and breast cancer.