MTOR and obesity due to melanocortin 4 receptor deficiency: Overall, these studies where by adipocytes contribute nutritionally to the microenvironment to influence the bioenergetics of tumor cell are supported by the paradigm of obesity (excess adiposity) being the provider of surplus nutrition which results in aggressive tumor growth and upregulation or inhibition of nutrition sensitive signaling pathways like mTOR and AMPK [28, 29].