In the mechanistic studies to delineate how silibinin reversed the pro-tumorigenic effects of IL-4/-6 and their combination on colon CSC, monolayer culture experiments showed that treatment of CRC cell lines with 100μM silibinin was able to significantly reduce IL-4/-6 induced expression of both total CD44 and its variant CD44v3-6 (highly expressed in CRC tumors) in a time-dependent manner (Fig. 4C). The gene discussed is CD44; the disease is colorectal carcinoma.