Furthermore, qPCR analysis revealed no change in CXCL12 (Fig S2A) or CCL2 (Fig S2B) mRNA expression following stimulation with rh-CXCL8 in any of the prostate cancer cell lines studied; moreover, we observed that the secretion of either CCL2 or CXCL12 from any of the prostate cancer cells was below the limits of detection of the ELISA assays employed. Here, CCL2 is linked to prostate cancer.