NF-κB regulation is pivotal in the therapeutic function of these proteasome inhibitors (21,50,54), it is involved in tumor progression through regulation of transcription of various genes that regulate cell proliferation, apoptosis, invasion and metastasis; including NF-κB target genes such as cyclin D1 and survivin, ERK, STATs, caspases and MMP9 (55–59). The gene discussed is BIRC5; the disease is neoplasm.