To assess whether RNOS were responsible for IGF1-induced resistance to P. falciparum, four separate cohorts of female A. stephensi were provided with water alone or water supplemented with 3.7 μM Nω-Nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), an inhibitor of NOS catalysis, for 72 h preceding infection. Here, IGF1 is linked to infection.