Comparison of NHEJ (p-DNA-PK) with HRR (p-BRCA1) readouts in individual samples (top right panel) identified AML samples with lower activation of both repair pathways, samples with robust activation of both pathways, and others which predominately activate NHEJ, suggesting that individual leukemia samples vary in the magnitude of activation of specific DSB repair pathways (Figure 9). The gene discussed is BRCA1; the disease is leukemia.