SYPL1 and Alzheimer disease: As shown in Fig. 2A and 2B, urinary levels of Cys C and NGAL in HSP2 group (1270.58±661.94 ng/ml; 154.13±106.61 ng/ml, respectively) were significantly elevated, when compared with those in HSP1 group (891.81±523.14 ng/ml, p = 0.006; 66.03±35.99 ng/ml, p<0.001, respectively), AD group (809.52±518.91 ng/ml, p = 0.004; 65.75±46.32 ng/ml, p<0.001, respectively) and control group (803.87±566.4 ng/ml, p = 0.006; 64.62±45.87 ng/ml, p<0.001, respectively).