VCAM1 and peripheral arterial disease: The PAD group had lower antioxidant capacity measured by HORAC activity (P < 0.001); higher inflammatory and vascular measures of hsCRP (P < 0.001), IL-1b (P = 0.036), IL-8 (P < 0.001), SAA (P < 0.001), VCAM-1 (P < 0.001), adiponectin (P < 0.001), apolipoprotein B (P = 0.013), and apolipoprotein CIII (P = 0.035); lower VEGF-A (P < 0.001) and HGF (P < 0.001) than the control group.