As we anticipated, anti-IgE antibody treatment, which should block IgE activities on all these target cells, as well as intrinsic vascular cells (Wang et al, 2011), significantly suppressed AAA lesion macrophage content, CD4+ T-cell number, MHC class-II-positive area, lesion cell apoptosis, microvessel number, and lesion cell proliferation (Fig 6C–F). This evidence concerns the gene IGHE and triple-A syndrome.