Recently, inflammatory mediators, including TNF-α, interleukin-1, 6, 13 and 17, chemokines such as MIP-1α, RANTES and fractalkine, have been found to be increased in the DRG of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats, an established model for type II diabetes [48]. This evidence concerns the gene CCL5 and type 2 diabetes mellitus.