Studies by Mitsudomi et al (1) and Maemond et al (2) found that patients with lung cancer who were selected by epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mutations have a significantly longer progression-free survival rate if they are treated with gefitinib compared with treatment with cisplatin-docetaxel or carboplatin-paclitaxel. The gene discussed is EGFR; the disease is lung carcinoma.