In patients with type 1 diabetes, the number of small-size (8.7 nm) HDL particles (r = 0.478, p = 0.002) and their total lipid concentration (r = 0.481, p = 0.002) correlated positively with the LPS-activity.Serum lipid transfer proteins involved in HDL-modelling were elevated in patients with type 1 diabetes compared to controls: PLTP-AUC [67910 (58431–75158) vs. 51315 (47079–59470); p < 0.001] and CETP-AUC [280 (233–313) vs. 250 (204–278); p = 0.007] (Figure 3). The gene discussed is PLTP; the disease is type 1 diabetes mellitus.