AMPK negatively regulates mTORC1 by (i) modulating the activity of tuberous sclerosis complex 2 (TSC2), that together with TSC1 form a tumor suppressor complex that inhibits mTOR, or (ii) through phosphorylation and inhibition of its binding partner Raptor [88,89,90] (Figure 2). Here, PRKAA1 is linked to neoplasm.