NFE2L2 and hydrops fetalis: Most strikingly, the HF-fed Nrf2−/− livers contained elevated GSSG and large increases in MDA and protein carbonyls compared with either RC- or HF-fed Nrf2+/+ mice (Fig. 8A to C), indicating that the higher oxidative-stress load produced by the HF diet in the mutant mouse exceeded its intrinsic antioxidant capacity.