Similarly, expression of the Acacb gene, which encodes Acc2 and results in raised malonyl-CoA, causing inhibition of Cpt1a, the rate-limiting step in FA uptake into mitochondria, was increased by the HF diet in Nrf2+/+ livers and to a much greater extent in HF-fed Nrf2−/− livers. This evidence concerns the gene CPT1A and hydrops fetalis.