There was no difference in the frequency of deficient AAT alleles (Pi Z and Pi S) between patients and controls, but there was higher frequency of PiM1M1 homozygote and PiM1 allele in patients with hematologic malignancies, suggesting that even AAT polymorphisms with functionally normal phenotypes may be associated with an increased risk of hematologic disease. This evidence concerns the gene SERPINA1 and hematologic disorder.