While the anti-LGI1 syndrome predominantly reminds of a classic limbic encephalitis with amnesia, (faciobrachial dystonic) seizures and psychiatric manifestations, the anti-NMDA receptor encephalitis is characterized by memory deficits, psychiatric symptoms with psychotic and catatonic features, language disintegration, dyskinetic movements, seizures, decreased consciousness, autonomic and breathing instability that often requires intensive care treatment [6,7,13-15]. This evidence concerns the gene LGI1 and Down syndrome.