In patients with anti-LGI1 encephalitis (Figures 2B, 3B) we observed hypermetabolism in the cerebellum, basal ganglia as well as in precentral and occipital regions (191–2286 voxels in the cerebellum, putamen, pallidum and within Brodmann areas 6, 8, 17, 18, 19, Table 4) and hypometabolism limited to the anterior cingulate/frontomesial cortex (232 voxels within Brodmann areas 10, 11, 24, 32, Table 4). The gene discussed is LGI1; the disease is viral encephalitis.