C3 and hypertensive disorder: In a Hopkins cohort study [19] of 100 patients, it was identified that thrombosis can be predicted with high anti-dsDNA and low C3, atherosclerosis (hypertension, hyperlipidemia, and elevated homocysteine), and antiphospholipid antibodies (lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin) and could be treated with HCQ.