In addition, sensorineural hearing impairment is sometimes seen in TBMN and other disorders that cause kidney failure, such as autosomal-dominant MYH9-associated diseases, including Fechtner and Epstein syndromes [17] and branchio-oto-renal syndrome, which is caused by heterozygous mutations of the EYA1, SIX1 and SIX5 genes [18]. Here, SIX1 is linked to branchio-oto-renal syndrome.