Circulating CD45dimCD133+KDR+ cell levels showed a progressive decline from nondiabetics, untreated DM, DM on oral hypoglycemic drugs and finally, ITDM, with patients receiving insulin and patients on oral hypoglycemic drugs presenting significantly lower levels as compared with nondiabetics (p = 0.002 and p = 0.004, respectively) (Figure 5-C). The gene discussed is INS; the disease is diabetes mellitus.