TAT and HIV-1 infection: In our miRNA-chip analysis, we also found that other cellular miRNAs, such as miR-15a, miR-15b, miR-16, miR-93, miR-106b and miR-20a, can inhibit HIV-1 infection in monocytes, and Pur-alpha, a host-cell-encoded transcription factor required for enhancing Tat-derived viral transactivation, was targeted for repression in monocytes [39].