Our low prevalence might also be attributed to the failure to identify infected patients because of the serologic window during the incubation period following infection, the presence of some rare variants escaping the serologic assay for HBsAg, particularly when concurrent testing for anti-HBc is not performed [17] and the problem of occult HBV infections [2, 17] in which neither HBsAg or anti-HBc are detected [17]. Here, KRT88P is linked to infection.