Furthermore, acute T. gondii induced ileitis is accompanied by distinct TLR-9 dependent inflammatory sequelae in extra-intestinal compartments including the brain as early as 7 days p.i. In the absence of TLR-9 local (i.e. small intestinal) as well as intracerebral inflammatory changes are more pronounced, whereas systemic pro-inflammatory immune responses are down-regulated upon T. gondii infection. The gene discussed is TLR9; the disease is Crohn ileitis.