INS and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: Several pharmaceutical interventions have been used in present clinical NAFLD treatments, including antioxidants (4), insulin sensitizers (metformin and thiazolidinediones) (19), lipid-lowering drugs (20), angiotensin II receptor antagonists (irbesartan and losartan) (21,22) and other drugs, including ursodeoxycholic acid (23) and L-carnitine (24).