Given the overwhelming evidence supporting the role of AVPR1A-mediated vasopressin signaling in behavior modulation, ongoing studies have focused on developing pharmacotherapeutic interventions directed at the receptor for the treatment of debilitating global health problems, such as anxiety, depression, autism and other behavioral disorders (Ring, 2005; Ryckmans, 2010; Simon et al., 2008). The gene discussed is AVPR1A; the disease is autism.