VEGFD and cancer: In a preliminary experiment, we determined that direct co-culture of macrophages with cancer cells induced up-regulation of VEGF-A, VEGF-C, and VEGF-D in macrophages (Figure 5E) and that the up-regulation of VEGF-A and VEGF-C, but not VEGF-D, under these conditions was suppressed by anakinra (Figure 5F).