BIRC3 and neoplasm: In addition, other MEK inhibitors (PD98059, U0126, cobimetinib, E6201, PD0325901 and trametinib) were used in several combinations with compounds that target the PI3K/Akt/mTOR pathway (LY294002, GDC-0941, rapamycin, GSK2126458 and the FDA approved temsirolimus), yielding interesting results in reducing tumor growth in vivo and in vitro, decreasing cell viability and concurrently improving apoptosis (associated with cleavage of PARP, increased caspase-3/7 activity and upregulation of Bim, together with downregulation of Bcl-2, Mcl-1, cIAP-2 and Apollon) (41,49,64–73).