Renard et al. (2006) also showed that when the Ldlr−/− mice were switched to cholesterol‐containing diets at the time of viral infection, the induction of diabetes resulted in higher serum cholesterol and triglyceride levels and, under these conditions, the altered serum lipids and not the hyperglycemia appeared to be primarily responsible for the increased atherosclerosis in the diabetic mice. This evidence concerns the gene LDLR and diabetes mellitus.