Moreover, following from some of these ex vivo studies, several clinical studies investigating the effect of blocking IL-1β in T2DM have been performed.5,6,7,8,9,10,11 Of these, a double-blind, randomized, clinical study aimed to evaluate the role of the recombinant human form of the endogenous IL-1 receptor antagonist—anakinra—in 70 patients with overt T2DM,5 is of particular interest. This evidence concerns the gene IL1B and type 2 diabetes mellitus.