In particular, upregulation of the E3 ligases Cbl-b, GRAIL, Itch, and Peli1 during immune tolerance have been involved in the ubiquitination of key signaling molecules of the TCR pathway, and these studies have highlighted the key regulatory role of ubiquitin in the induction of tolerance and prevention of autoimmunity (100–102). Here, PELI1 is linked to Autoimmunity.