In addition, LLT1 induction by TLR agonists (e.g., TLR3, 4, 7, 8, 9) as well as other immune stimuli (such as TCR/BCR cross-linking, mitogens, CD40, etc.)suggests that LLT1 interaction with human NKR-P1A also regulates immune responses during infection, particularly viral and bacterial infections (91, 107). Here, TLR3 is linked to infection.